Çocuğu kalp ameliyatı geçiren ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitesi ile çocuklarının evde bakım gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi
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2018
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Araştırma, konjenital kalp hastalığı sebebiyle kalp ameliyatı geçiren çocukların ebeveynlerinin yaşam kalitesi ve çocukların evde bakım gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte olup, araştırmanın örneklemini konjenital kalp hastalığı sebebiyle ameliyat geçirmek üzere Kartal Koşuyolu Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nin Çocuk Kardiyoloji servisine yatışı yapılan 0-12 yaş grubu çocuğa sahip toplam 60 ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Veriler sosyodemografik özellikler formu, evde bakım gereksinimleri formu ve WHOQOL-Bref yaşam kalitesi ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS istatistik programında analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde oranları, bağımlı gruplarda t testi, bonferroni Post-hoc analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizine göre hastane ve evde yapılan yaşam kalitesi ölçekleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ebeveynlere hastanede doldurulan yaşam kalitesi ölçeğine verdikleri cevaplar incelendiğinde, ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitelerini ne iyi ne kötü olarak gördükleri (Ort=3,17±0,94) sağlıklarından ise genellikle hoşnut oldukları (Ort=3,50±1,16) görülmektedir. Ebeveynlerin taburcu olduktan sonra evde doldurdukları yaşam kalitesi ölçeğine verdikleri cevaplar incelendiğinde ise, ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitelerini oldukça iyi olarak gördükleri (Ort=3,52±0,85) sağlıklarından ise epeyce hoşnut oldukları (Ort=3,72±1,06) görülmektedir. Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynlerin çocuklarının bakımlarını kendilerinin karşıladığı ve taburculuk sonrası evde bakım sürecinde %60'ının sağlık personeline ihtiyaç duyduğu saptanmıştır. Bakımda en çok gereksinim duyulan alanın ilaç kullanımı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak kalp ameliyatı geçiren çocukların bakım sağlayıcıları olan ebeveynlerin yaşadıkları veya yaşamalarının riskli olduğu durumlara yönelik koruyucu ve önleyici girişimler planlanabilir. Ebeveynlerin evde bakım sürecinde karşılaşabileceği sorunlar belirlenerek halk sağlığı hemşirelerinin ebeveynlere çocuklarının hastalık ve bakımı ile ilgili eğitim programları düzenlemelerinin, yaşam kalitesini yükseltecek sağlık davranışı geliştirmesinde önemli etkisi olacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ebeveyn, Evde bakım gereksinimleri, Konjenital kalp hastalıkları, Yaşam kalitesi.
The study was conducted to determine qualities of life of the parents of the children that had underwent heart surgery due to congenital heart disease and the requirements for these children to be taken care at home. The study is of descriptive type. The sample of the study was formed by 60 parents with children between ages 0-12 that have been admitted to Kartal Koşuyolu High Specialized Education and Research Hospital's Pediatric Cardiology Services to undergo congenital heart surgery. Data was collected using Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Home-Based Care Questionnaire, and WOQOL-Bref Quality of Life Assessment. The data obtained has been analyzed with SPSS Statistics Software. Statistical analysis was made using Number, Percentage ratios, Dependent Groups t Test, and Bonferroni Post-hoc analyzes. Analyze of the study data showed that there is a significant difference between hospital care and home-based care scales. The questionnaires filled by parent in the hospitals showed that the parents have seen their life as neither good nor bad (Avg=3,17±0,94), and they were very satisfied with their health (Avg=3,50±1,16). On the other hand, the quality of life scales filled by the parents at home have shown that these parents see their life as quite good (Avg=3,52±0,85) and they were very satisfied with their health (Avg=3,72±1,06). It has been determined that he parents that have joined the study take care of their children themselves and 60% of them have required medical personnel in post-discharge home care stages. Drug use is the most frequent use of medication in care. In conclusion, caregivers for the children that have underwent heart surgery, some problems can be identified and protective and preventive attempts can be made through the problems that are suffered or that have the possibility of being suffered by these parents. The data obtained by the identification of the problems faced by parents in the process of home-based care can be used by public health nurses for them to arrange training programs aimed at parents regarding their children and the diseases these children suffer. Key Words: Parent, Home-based care requirements, Congenital heart diseases, Quality of life
The study was conducted to determine qualities of life of the parents of the children that had underwent heart surgery due to congenital heart disease and the requirements for these children to be taken care at home. The study is of descriptive type. The sample of the study was formed by 60 parents with children between ages 0-12 that have been admitted to Kartal Koşuyolu High Specialized Education and Research Hospital's Pediatric Cardiology Services to undergo congenital heart surgery. Data was collected using Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Home-Based Care Questionnaire, and WOQOL-Bref Quality of Life Assessment. The data obtained has been analyzed with SPSS Statistics Software. Statistical analysis was made using Number, Percentage ratios, Dependent Groups t Test, and Bonferroni Post-hoc analyzes. Analyze of the study data showed that there is a significant difference between hospital care and home-based care scales. The questionnaires filled by parent in the hospitals showed that the parents have seen their life as neither good nor bad (Avg=3,17±0,94), and they were very satisfied with their health (Avg=3,50±1,16). On the other hand, the quality of life scales filled by the parents at home have shown that these parents see their life as quite good (Avg=3,52±0,85) and they were very satisfied with their health (Avg=3,72±1,06). It has been determined that he parents that have joined the study take care of their children themselves and 60% of them have required medical personnel in post-discharge home care stages. Drug use is the most frequent use of medication in care. In conclusion, caregivers for the children that have underwent heart surgery, some problems can be identified and protective and preventive attempts can be made through the problems that are suffered or that have the possibility of being suffered by these parents. The data obtained by the identification of the problems faced by parents in the process of home-based care can be used by public health nurses for them to arrange training programs aimed at parents regarding their children and the diseases these children suffer. Key Words: Parent, Home-based care requirements, Congenital heart diseases, Quality of life
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Halk Sağlığı, Hemşirelik, Ana-baba, Cerrahi, Cerrahi-kardiyovasküler, Public Health, Nursing, Evde bakım hizmetleri, Parents, Hasta bakımı, Surgery, Surgery-cardiovascular, Hasta bakımı-hastane sonrası, Home care services, Patient care, Kalp defektleri-konjenital, After care, Kalp hastalıkları, Heart defects-congenital, Heart diseases, Yaşam kalitesi, Quality of life
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94