İşletmelerde iç kontrol sisteminin bağımsız denetim sürecine etkileri ve bir uygulama
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2014
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Abstract
Kontrol kavramı, genel olarak muhasebede kullanılan denetim kavramından farklı amaçlarla kullanılır. Denetim, genel olarak konusunun uzmanı bağımsız kişiler tarafından yapılan bir faaliyet olmasına karşın kontrol, bir sistem içinde yer alan ve iş süreçleri içindeki kişilerce yerine getirilen bir faaliyettir. Amaç, iş ve işlem akışlarının başarı seviyelerinin ölçülmesi ve belirlenen hedeflere ulaşma kapasitesinin ölçülmesidir. Kontrol işletme yönetimleri tarafından yürütülen bir faaliyettir. İşletmelerin büyümeleri ve ekonomik yaşamın karmaşık hale gelmesi ile işletme sahiplerinin her işlemi kontrol altına almaları ve riskleri kontrol etmeleri mümkün olmaz, bu arayış işletmeleri iç kontrol sistemlerini oluşturmaya ve geliştirmeye yöneltmiştir. Dünyada muhasebe ve finans skandallarının yol açtığı yıkım, halka açık şirketlerde yatırımcıların büyük zararlara yol açmasına sebep olmuştur. Finansal tablolar ve bu tabloların dayanağı bilgilere karşı oluşan güvensizlik sonrası denetim otoriteleri tarafından bağımsız denetçilere ve işletme yönetimlerine önemli sorumluluklar getirilmiştir. Yeni süreçte işletme yönetimlerine denetim komiteleri oluşturma ve işletmede etkin bir iç kontrol sistemi oluşturma ve iç denetim sorumluluğu getirmiştir. Buna paralel olarak Bağımsız Denetim daha önemli hale gelmiş, bağımsız denetçilere yeni sorumluluklar verilmiş, bağımsız denetimin planlaması aşamasında işletmenin iç kontrol yapısını inceleme, değerlendirme ve varsa eksikliklerin yönetime bildirilmesi düzenlenmiştir. Bu süreçte gerek bağımsız denetim kalitesi, gerek işletmenin varlıklarının korunması ve risklere karşı alınacak tedbirler konusunda iç kontrol sistemlerinin önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada iç kontrol sisteminin bağımsız denetim sürecindeki önemi ve etkin bir iç kontrolün işletmeye ve bağımsız denetime etkileri incelenmiştir.
The concept of control is generally used for purposes, different from the concept of audit, used in accountancy. While audit is generally an activity, carried out by independent people, being experts on their subjects, control is an activity, carried out by people, being within the system and taking part in business processes. The aim is to measure success levels of the work and the workflows and to measure the capacity to achieve determined targets. The control is an activity, carried out by business managements. In line with the growth of enterprises and the fact that the economic life becomes complex, it is not possible for business owners to take each transaction under control and to control risks, this search has directed businesses to establish and to develop internal control systems. The destruction that accountancy and finance scandals have caused worldwide has led investors to bring about major losses in public limited companies. After distrust, developed against financial statements and data, on which these statements have been based on, important responsibilities have been brought to Independent auditors and business managements by audit authorities. In the new process, it has brought business managements the responsibility to establish audit committees and to establish an active internal control system in the enterprise and an internal audit responsibility. Independent Audit has become more important concordantly and new responsibilities have been given to independent auditors and in the phase of planning independent audit, the analysis and assessment of internal control structure of the business and if applicable, informing deficiencies to the management are arranged. Within this process, the importance of internal control system, with regard to both independent audit quality and the protection of assets of the business and precautions that shall be taken towards risks, has increased. In this study, the importance of internal control system in the process of independent audit and the effects of an active internal control on the enterprise and independent audit have been analysed.
The concept of control is generally used for purposes, different from the concept of audit, used in accountancy. While audit is generally an activity, carried out by independent people, being experts on their subjects, control is an activity, carried out by people, being within the system and taking part in business processes. The aim is to measure success levels of the work and the workflows and to measure the capacity to achieve determined targets. The control is an activity, carried out by business managements. In line with the growth of enterprises and the fact that the economic life becomes complex, it is not possible for business owners to take each transaction under control and to control risks, this search has directed businesses to establish and to develop internal control systems. The destruction that accountancy and finance scandals have caused worldwide has led investors to bring about major losses in public limited companies. After distrust, developed against financial statements and data, on which these statements have been based on, important responsibilities have been brought to Independent auditors and business managements by audit authorities. In the new process, it has brought business managements the responsibility to establish audit committees and to establish an active internal control system in the enterprise and an internal audit responsibility. Independent Audit has become more important concordantly and new responsibilities have been given to independent auditors and in the phase of planning independent audit, the analysis and assessment of internal control structure of the business and if applicable, informing deficiencies to the management are arranged. Within this process, the importance of internal control system, with regard to both independent audit quality and the protection of assets of the business and precautions that shall be taken towards risks, has increased. In this study, the importance of internal control system in the process of independent audit and the effects of an active internal control on the enterprise and independent audit have been analysed.
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İşletme, Bağımsız denetim, Denetim, Business Administration, Independent audit, Denetim sistemleri, Control, İç denetim sistemi, Control systems, Internal control system, İç denetim ve iç kontrol, Internal control and internal audit
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125