James Baldwın'i Makine Çevirisiyle Okumak: Çevirmenlerin Makine Çevirisi Alımlaması
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2024
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Open Access Color
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Nöral makine çevirisi modeliyle beraber gelişen makine çevirisi edebiyat çevirisi de dahil olacak şekilde çevirinin tüm alanlarında değişimi gündeme getirmiştir. Makine çevirisine ilişkin algıyı inceleyen alımlama çalışmalarının sayısı oldukça azken, çevirmen okurun makine çevirisine ilişkin alımlamasını konu edinen araştırmaların sayısı daha da kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışmanın hedefi çevirmenlerin makine çevirisine dair beklentilerini James Baldwin'in Tell Me How Long The Train's Been Gone (1970) başlıklı romanının Türkçe çevirileri aracılığıyla değerlendirmektir. Baldwin'in bu eseri çevirmen okurun makine çevirisi alımlamasını araştıran bir çalışmada ele alınabilecek çeşitli çeviri türü kategorilerine ilişkin veri sağlamakla birlikte okurun metinle doğrudan özdeşlik kurmasına yardım eden üslubuyla ön plana çıkmaktadır. Şiir çevirisinden argo çevirisine kadar çeşitli çeviri kategorilerinden ifadeler eserin makine çevirisiyle (DeepL) Türkçede yayımlanmış iki çevirisinden (Balamir, 1973; Cenkçiler, 2007) kesitler üzerinden ele alınacaktır. Çevirmen alımlamasına odaklanan inceleme bölümünde, şiirsel ifade çevirisi, argo çevirisi, deyimsel ifade çevirisi, uzun cümle çevirisi ve kısa cümle çevirisi olmak üzere beş kategori belirlenmiş, yirmi beş (25) çevirmenin seçilen kesitlerin hangisinin makine çevirisi olduğunu tahmin etmesi ve tahminlerine dair nedenler belirtmesi istenmiştir. Analizde kullanılan veriler yapılandırılmış ve yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan anket ile elde edilmiştir. Veri analizi için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tematik analiz seçilmiş, katılımcıların yanıtları ilgili çeviri kesiti ve kategorisiyle ilişkilendirilerek bulgular elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda çevirmenlerin şiir çevirisi kategorisinde makine çevirisi alımlaması hususunda belirgin bir başarı gösterdikleri ancak kültüre özgü anlamsal değişkenler içeren argo ve deyim çevirisi kategorilerinde sınırlı alımlamaya sahip oldukları ortaya konmuştur.
The development of machine translation with the neural machine translation model has brought about changes in all areas of translation, including literary translation. While the number of reception studies on machine translation is quite small, the number of studies on the translator-reader's reception of machine translation is even more limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate translators' expectations of machine translation through Turkish translations of James Baldwin's novel Tell Me How Long The Train's Been Gone (1970). Baldwin's work not only provides data on various categories of translation genres that can be addressed in a study investigating the translator-reader's reception of machine translation, but also stands out with its style that helps the reader to identify with the text directly. Expressions from various translation categories ranging from poetry translation to slang translation will be discussed through excerpts from the machine translation of the work (DeepL) and two translations of the work published in Turkish (Balamir, 1973; Cenkçiler, 2007). In the analysis section focusing on translator reception, five categories were identified: poetic phrase translation, slang translation, idiomatic phrase translation, long sentence translation, and short sentence translation. Twenty-five (25) translators were asked to guess which of the selected excerpts were machine translation and to provide reasons for their guesses. The data used in the analysis were obtained through a questionnaire consisting of structured and semi-structured questions. Thematic analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was selected for data analysis, and findings were obtained by associating the participants' responses with the relevant translation excerpt and category. As a result of the study, it was revealed that translators showed significant success in machine translation reception in the category of poetry translation, but had limited reception in the categories of slang and idiom translation, which contain culture-specific semantic variables.
The development of machine translation with the neural machine translation model has brought about changes in all areas of translation, including literary translation. While the number of reception studies on machine translation is quite small, the number of studies on the translator-reader's reception of machine translation is even more limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate translators' expectations of machine translation through Turkish translations of James Baldwin's novel Tell Me How Long The Train's Been Gone (1970). Baldwin's work not only provides data on various categories of translation genres that can be addressed in a study investigating the translator-reader's reception of machine translation, but also stands out with its style that helps the reader to identify with the text directly. Expressions from various translation categories ranging from poetry translation to slang translation will be discussed through excerpts from the machine translation of the work (DeepL) and two translations of the work published in Turkish (Balamir, 1973; Cenkçiler, 2007). In the analysis section focusing on translator reception, five categories were identified: poetic phrase translation, slang translation, idiomatic phrase translation, long sentence translation, and short sentence translation. Twenty-five (25) translators were asked to guess which of the selected excerpts were machine translation and to provide reasons for their guesses. The data used in the analysis were obtained through a questionnaire consisting of structured and semi-structured questions. Thematic analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was selected for data analysis, and findings were obtained by associating the participants' responses with the relevant translation excerpt and category. As a result of the study, it was revealed that translators showed significant success in machine translation reception in the category of poetry translation, but had limited reception in the categories of slang and idiom translation, which contain culture-specific semantic variables.
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Mütercim-Tercümanlık, Translation and Interpretation
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