Bankalarda finansal darboğaz ortamlarında hazine ve sermaye piyasaları ürün ve işlemlerinin yönetimi ve TL karşılığı yapılan döviz işlem hacimlerinin kurdaki değişim üzerindeki etkileri ve bu etkilere dair ampirik bir çalışma
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2023
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Open Access Color
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Ülkemizde döviz piyasalarında yaşanan dalgalanmalar neticesine döviz kurlarında artış veya azalışlar olabilmektedir. Çalışmada TCMB EVDS Sisteminde yer alan 2014-2019 yılları arasında gerçekleşen TL karşılığı Döviz işlem hacimlerini baz alınarak Dolar ve Euro kurlarındaki günlük değişimler için ARMA modelleri tahmin edildikten sonra ARCH etkisi olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. TL karşılığı yapılan döviz işlem türleri spot, opsiyon, forward, swap (takas) ve efektif işlemleridir. Bankaların Yurtdışındaki Banka, Kuruluş ve Müşteriler ile yaptığı TL karşılığı döviz işlemleri ve Yurtdışındaki Merkez ve Şubeleri ile yaptığı döviz işlem hacimlerinin Dolar ve Euro kurundaki volatilite üzerindeki etkisinin olmadığı, yurtiçi işlemler test edildiğinde Bankaların Yurt içindeki Bankalar ile yaptığı TL karşılığı döviz spot işlem hacimlerinin Dolar ve Euro kurundaki volatilite üzerinde etkisinin ve Bankaların yurt içinde müşteriler ile yaptığı TL karşılığı vadeli işlem hacimlerinin Euro kurundaki volatilite üzerindeki etkisinin anlamlı çıktığı görülmüştür. Toplam işlemlerin etkisi incelendiğinde hem Dolar hem de Euro döviz cinslerinde sonuçların hiçbirinin anlamlı çıkmadığı görülmüş ve son olarak toplam işlem hacimleri haricindeki tüm bağımsız değişkenlerin etkisi test edildiğinde ise sadece Yurtdışı Banka, Kuruluş ve Müşteriler (Swap), Yurtdışı Banka, Kuruluş ve Müşteriler (Vadeli), Yurtdışı Merkez ve Şubeler (Spot), Yurtdışı Merkez ve Şubeler (Swap), Yurtiçi Bankalar Arası (Spot) ve Efektif günlük işlem hacimlerinin etkisinin anlamlı çıktığı görülmüştür. Fakat tüm değişkenlerin katsayıları ve dolayısıyla etkileri oldukça düşüktür. Elde edilen bulgular, TL karşılığı yapılan döviz işlem hacimlerinin döviz kurundaki volatilite üzerindeki etkisinin sınırlı olduğuna dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır.
Increases or decreases might be seen on exchange rates in the currency markets where flactuations occur in our country. In this study, after estimating ARMA models, whether ARCH had an effect on daily variations in USD and EUR rate of exchange or not was examined on the base of foreign exchange transaction volumes against Turkish lira between 2014 and 2019 from CBT (Central bank of Turkey) EVDS (Electronic Data Distribution system). Foreign exchange transactions against Turkish Lira are spot, deferred (option, forward), swap and cash transactions. It was found that neither the volüme of foreign exchange transactions against Turkish lira executed by banks with overseas banks, organizations and customers nor volume of foreign exchange transaction by banks with their overseas centers and branches have an effect on the volatility in USD and EUR currency and it was also found that when local transactions tested, the effect of volüme of foreign exchange spot transactions against Turkish lira executed by banks with local banks and the effect of volüme of deferred transactions (option, forward) against Turkish lira by banks with local customers on USD and EUR exchange volatility appear to be significant. When the effect of volume of transactions as a whole examined, it was observed that none of the results were significant either with USD or EUR and eventually, when the effect of entire independent variables except for total transaction volumes was tested, it was found that the effect of overseas banks, organizations and customers (swap), overseas banks, organizations and customers (deferred transactions), overseas centers and branches (spot), overseas centers and branches (swap), local interbank (spot) and effective daily transaction volumes solely were significant. Nevertheless, coefficient of all variaables and accordingly their effects are quite low. The findings obtained give evidence of limited effect of volumes of foreign exchange transactions against Turkish lira on the volatility of Exchange rate.
Increases or decreases might be seen on exchange rates in the currency markets where flactuations occur in our country. In this study, after estimating ARMA models, whether ARCH had an effect on daily variations in USD and EUR rate of exchange or not was examined on the base of foreign exchange transaction volumes against Turkish lira between 2014 and 2019 from CBT (Central bank of Turkey) EVDS (Electronic Data Distribution system). Foreign exchange transactions against Turkish Lira are spot, deferred (option, forward), swap and cash transactions. It was found that neither the volüme of foreign exchange transactions against Turkish lira executed by banks with overseas banks, organizations and customers nor volume of foreign exchange transaction by banks with their overseas centers and branches have an effect on the volatility in USD and EUR currency and it was also found that when local transactions tested, the effect of volüme of foreign exchange spot transactions against Turkish lira executed by banks with local banks and the effect of volüme of deferred transactions (option, forward) against Turkish lira by banks with local customers on USD and EUR exchange volatility appear to be significant. When the effect of volume of transactions as a whole examined, it was observed that none of the results were significant either with USD or EUR and eventually, when the effect of entire independent variables except for total transaction volumes was tested, it was found that the effect of overseas banks, organizations and customers (swap), overseas banks, organizations and customers (deferred transactions), overseas centers and branches (spot), overseas centers and branches (swap), local interbank (spot) and effective daily transaction volumes solely were significant. Nevertheless, coefficient of all variaables and accordingly their effects are quite low. The findings obtained give evidence of limited effect of volumes of foreign exchange transactions against Turkish lira on the volatility of Exchange rate.
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Bankacılık, Banking
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238