Effectiveness of Various Root Canal Shaping and Irrigation Techniques on the Elimination of the Biofilm
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı; ProTaper Ultimate, WaveOne Gold ve One Curve şekillendirme yöntemleriyle şekillendirilen tek köklü ve tek kanallı alt kesici dişlerin; geleneksel yöntem, sonik aktivasyon ve lazer ile aktivasyon yöntemleriyle yıkanmasının E. faecalis'in oluşturduğu biyofilm eliminasyonu üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, periodontal sebeplerden dolayı çekilmiş olan 120 adet tek kök ve tek kanala sahip alt kesici diş kullanılmıştır. Dişler akrilik bloklar içerisine gömülerek Eppendorf tüplerine yerleştirilmiştir. Dişler; Eppenderf tüplerinin kapakları açık kalacak şekilde hidrojen peroksit gazı ile plazma yüzeyi oluşturarak 56ºC'de sterilize edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan örnek dişler 1'i negatif kontrol grubu, 3'ü pozitif kontrol grubu ve 6'si test grubu olmak üzere 10 gruba ayrılmıştır. Pozitif kontrol grubundaki dişlerden biri biyofilm oluşumunu ispatlamak için taramalı elektron mikroskobunda görüntülenmek üzere ayrılmıştır. E.faecalis (ATCC 29212) suşunun Beyin Kalp İnfüzyon agar besiyerlerinde 24 saatlik taze kültürleri hazırlanmış, pozitif kontrol gruplarında ve test gruplarında biyofilm oluşumunu sağlamak amacıyla 37°C'de 7 gün süreyle inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. İnkübasyon süresi boyunca her gün inokülasyon yapılan grupların kök kanallarındaki mevcut besiyerlerine Beyin Kalp Infüzyon broth eklenmiş ve biyofilm oluşumunun devamlılığı sağlanmıştır. Negatif kontrol grubundaki dişlere bakteri ekimi yapılmamış, yalnızca besiyeri eklenmiştir. İnkübasyon süresi sonunda kök kanallarından kağıt konlar ile mikrobiyolojik örnekler alınmış; E. Faecalis'in oluşturduğu biyofilmlerin içeriğindeki bakteri kolonileri sayılarak koloni oluşturan birim olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın grupları şu şekildedir: 1. grup ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) ile şekillendirilen ve geleneksel yöntem ile yıkanan pozitif kontrol grubudur. 2. grup PTU ile şekillendirilen ve sonik aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 3. Grup PTU ile şekillendirilen ve lazer ile aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 4. grup WaveOne Gold (WOG) ile şekillendirilen ve geleneksel yöntemle yıkanan pozitif kontrol grubudur. 5. Grup WOG ile şekillendirilen ve sonik aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 6. Grup WOG ile şekillendirilen ve lazer ile aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 7. Grup: One Curve (OC) ile şekillendirilen ve geleneksel yöntem ile yıkanan pozitif kontrol grubudur. 8. Grup: OC ile şekillendirilen ve sonik aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 9. Grup OC ile şekillendirilen ve lazer ile aktivasyon yapılarak yıkanan test grubudur. 10. Grup negatif kontrol grubudur. Bu işlemler tamamlandığında kök kanallarından kağıt konlar ile tekrar mikrobiyolojik örnekler alınmış ve kök kanallarında kalan bakteri kolonilerinin sayısı KOB olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her eğe grubu farklı aktivasyon yöntemlerine göre kendi aralarında karşılaştırıldığında; One Curve ile şekillendirilen kök kanallarının lazer ile aktive edilmesi ile kalan E. faecalis sayısının; geleneksel yıkama ve sonik aktivasyon yapıldıktan sonra kalan E. faecalis sayısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha az olduğu görülmüştür. Her yıkama grubu farklı şekillendirme yöntemlerine göre kendi aralarında karşılaştırıldığında ise; yıkamanın sonik aktivasyon ile yapıldığı PTU ile şekillendirilen kök kanallarında, OC ile şekillendirilen kök kanallarına oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha az E. faecalis kaldığı görülmüştür. Sadece şekillendirme yöntemlerine bakıldığında PTU ile şekillendirilen kök kanallarında; WOG ve OC ile şekillendirilen kök kanallarına oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha az E. Faecalis kaldığı görülmüştür. Sadece yıkama yöntemlerine bakıldığında ise geleneksel yöntem, sonik aktivasyon ve lazer ile aktivasyon arasında E. Faecalis eliminasyonu açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülmemiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Şekillendirme, Aktivasyon, E. faecalis, biyofilm
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of conventional irrigation, sonic activation, and laser activation on the elimination of E. faecalis biofilm in single-rooted and single-canaled mandibular incisor teeth shaped using the ProTaper Ultimate, WaveOne Gold and One Curve shaping systems. In this study, 120 single-rooted and single-canaled mandibular incisor teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons were used. The teeth were embedded in acrylic blocks and placed into Eppendorf tubes. To ensure sterilization, the teeth were exposed to hydrogen peroxide gas plasma at 56°C while keeping the Eppendorf tube lids open. The sample teeth used in the study were divided into ten groups: one negative control group, three positive control groups, and six test groups. One of the tooth in the positive control group was set aside for examination under a scanning electron microscope to confirm biofilm formation. Fresh cultures were prepared in Brain Heart Infusion agar media for 24 hours and incubated at 37°C for 7 days to ensure biofilm formation in positive control and test groups. During the incubation period, Brain Heart Infusion broth was added to the existing media in the root canals of the inoculated groups every day and biofilm formation was maintained. In the negative control group, no bacterial inoculation was performed; only the culture medium was added. At the end of the incubation period, microbiological samples were taken from the root canals using paper points. The bacterial colonies in the biofilms formed by E. faecalis were counted and recorded as colony-forming units (CFU). The study groups were as follows: Group 1: Root canals shaped with ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 2: Root canals shaped with PTU and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 3: Root canals shaped with PTU and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 4: Root canals shaped with WaveOne Gold (WOG) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 5: Root canals shaped with WOG and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 6: Root canals shaped with WOG and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 7: Root canals shaped with One Curve (OC) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 8: Root canals shaped with OC and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 9: Root canals shaped with OC and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 10: Negative control group. After these procedures were completed, microbiological samples were again taken from the root canals using paper points, and the remaining bacterial colonies in the root canals were counted and recorded as CFU. When each file system was compared within its own activation methods, it was found that root canals shaped with One Curve and irrigated using laser activation had a statistically significantly lower number of E. faecalis compared to conventional irrigation and sonic activation.When different shaping systems were compared within each irrigation method, it was observed that E. faecalis remained in statistically significantly lower numbers in PTU-shaped canals with sonic activation compared to OC-shaped canals. When only shaping methods were considered, PTU-shaped root canals had statistically significantly lower E. faecalis counts compared to WOG- and OC-shaped canals. When only irrigation techniques were analyzed, no statistically significant difference was found between conventional irrigation, sonic activation and laser activation. Keywords: Shaping, Activation, E. faecalis, biofilm
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of conventional irrigation, sonic activation, and laser activation on the elimination of E. faecalis biofilm in single-rooted and single-canaled mandibular incisor teeth shaped using the ProTaper Ultimate, WaveOne Gold and One Curve shaping systems. In this study, 120 single-rooted and single-canaled mandibular incisor teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons were used. The teeth were embedded in acrylic blocks and placed into Eppendorf tubes. To ensure sterilization, the teeth were exposed to hydrogen peroxide gas plasma at 56°C while keeping the Eppendorf tube lids open. The sample teeth used in the study were divided into ten groups: one negative control group, three positive control groups, and six test groups. One of the tooth in the positive control group was set aside for examination under a scanning electron microscope to confirm biofilm formation. Fresh cultures were prepared in Brain Heart Infusion agar media for 24 hours and incubated at 37°C for 7 days to ensure biofilm formation in positive control and test groups. During the incubation period, Brain Heart Infusion broth was added to the existing media in the root canals of the inoculated groups every day and biofilm formation was maintained. In the negative control group, no bacterial inoculation was performed; only the culture medium was added. At the end of the incubation period, microbiological samples were taken from the root canals using paper points. The bacterial colonies in the biofilms formed by E. faecalis were counted and recorded as colony-forming units (CFU). The study groups were as follows: Group 1: Root canals shaped with ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 2: Root canals shaped with PTU and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 3: Root canals shaped with PTU and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 4: Root canals shaped with WaveOne Gold (WOG) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 5: Root canals shaped with WOG and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 6: Root canals shaped with WOG and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 7: Root canals shaped with One Curve (OC) and irrigated using conventional irrigation (positive control). Group 8: Root canals shaped with OC and irrigated using sonic activation (test group). Group 9: Root canals shaped with OC and irrigated using laser activation (test group). Group 10: Negative control group. After these procedures were completed, microbiological samples were again taken from the root canals using paper points, and the remaining bacterial colonies in the root canals were counted and recorded as CFU. When each file system was compared within its own activation methods, it was found that root canals shaped with One Curve and irrigated using laser activation had a statistically significantly lower number of E. faecalis compared to conventional irrigation and sonic activation.When different shaping systems were compared within each irrigation method, it was observed that E. faecalis remained in statistically significantly lower numbers in PTU-shaped canals with sonic activation compared to OC-shaped canals. When only shaping methods were considered, PTU-shaped root canals had statistically significantly lower E. faecalis counts compared to WOG- and OC-shaped canals. When only irrigation techniques were analyzed, no statistically significant difference was found between conventional irrigation, sonic activation and laser activation. Keywords: Shaping, Activation, E. faecalis, biofilm
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Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
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161