WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/18

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An Analysis of the Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis in Turkey at the Provincial Level: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
(Maliye Bakanligi, 2024) Cinar, Sinan; Has, Banu
This study examines the impact of tourism on economic growth in Turkey at the provincial level using data from the 2008-2020 period and dynamic panel data analysis. Analyses conducted with the Augmented Solow-Swan Model reveal that technology, labor, physical capital, and tourism positively contribute to growth, while human capital has a negative effect. The study makes a unique contribution to the literature as the first research to analyze the impact of tourism on economic growth in Turkey using the most recent provincial data and this model. The findings indicate that the tourism-led growth hypothesis is valid for Turkey.
Self Energy in Kerr-Sen Space-Time Incorporated to Overspinning and Overcharging Problems
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Duztas, Koray
Previous attempts to overspin or overcharge Kerr-Sen black holes have been incomplete, as they neglect back-reaction effects. In this study, we incorporate the self-energy of perturbations, resulting from the induced increase in the angular velocity and the electrostatic potential of the event horizon, as described in a seminal work by Will. Our analysis demonstrates that Kerr-Sen black holes cannot be overspun or overcharged by perturbations that satisfy the null energy condition, within a comprehensive second-order framework that includes the self-energy of the perturbations.
Concerns of Earthquake Survivor Mothers for Their Children and the Role of School Leadership in Addressing Them
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025) Taner Derman, Meral; Turen, Seyma
Introduction This study aims to examine the change in the concerns of mothers with preschool children before and after the earthquake and the role of school administrators in relieving these concerns. Understanding these concerns is essential for improving post-disaster support strategies for families.Methods The research was carried out in a holistic multi-case study design, which is one of the qualitative methods, with a study group consisting of 20 mothers and 5 school administrators living in the temporary housing area in Hatay. The data were collected through semi-structured interview forms and analyzed by content analysis method.Results The findings showed that games and entertainment activities were at the forefront of mother-child relationships, but they were also a reflection of the earthquake. It has been revealed that mothers' future plans focused on positive goals such as their children growing up in a healthy environment before the earthquake and becoming successful individuals by receiving a good education, but after the earthquake, these plans were negatively affected due to financial and social losses, uncertainties and disruptions in education. It has been shown that mothers had general concerns about the education, security and social development of their children before the earthquake, but these concerns became more concrete and intense after the earthquake. Mothers reported serious concerns, particularly about living conditions, psychological effects, education, and the future. School administrators, on the other hand, resorted to methods such as summer schools, social activities, guidance services and financial support to alleviate the concerns of mothers. They suggested improving housing conditions, opening vocational courses, strengthening infrastructure and involving psychosocial support teams.Conclusion The research emphasized that the physical, social and psychological effects of natural disasters on individuals are multidimensional and revealed the critical role of school administrators in crisis management. It also highlights the need for coordinated efforts between families and schools in navigating post-disaster challenges.
Impact of Different Air Flow Rates on Disinfection Efficacy of Multi Lamp In-Duct UVC Air Disinfection System
(Springer, 2025) Sharma, M. P.; Ahmadian, A.
Highly consequential healthcare-associated infections stem from multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, culminating in escalated morbidity and mortality rates. In combating airborne MDR pathogens, in-duct Ultraviolet-C technology emerges as a viable solution, necessitating systematic enhancement of its disinfection efficacy and performance. By employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD), we fortify the efficacy and performance of a 13-lamp configured in-duct air disinfection system. The Discrete Ordinates method (DO) and user-defined function (UDF) have been used for modeling lamp irradiation and finding the average Ultraviolet-C dose of the system. In this paper, the impact of different input air flow rates on the disinfection efficacy and type of airflow inside the in-duct Ultraviolet-C air disinfection system has been studied. It has been found from this study that particles having longest resident time are aligned among particles with the lowest Ultraviolet-C dose obtained. When air velocity is increased, Ultraviolet-C dose that every particle received changes in magnitude. At high velocity the particles experienced less Ultraviolet-C dose and vice versa. The Ultraviolet-C dose distribution, however, remains relatively consistent while rate of air flow changes. The derived performance efficiency rating (PER) of 0.94 gauges the system's efficacy; notably, this surpasses EPA test series ratings by more than 50%. Turbulence analysis demonstrates that airflow within the duct is not fully turbulent, indicating no direct turbulence-UV dose relationship. However, airflow patterns within the duct markedly impact system sterilization efficacy.
Calculation of Diffusion Coefficient of Doxycycline and Naproxen Adsorption on HKUST-1/ZnO/SA Nanocomposite
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Jie, Qi; Hassan, Waqed H.; Naser, Ghazi Faisal; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Al-Athari, Ali Jihad Hemid; Abdullaeva, Barno; Sajadi, S. Mohammad
In recent years, water shortages and pollution of these finite resources have emerged as major worldwide problems. Pharmaceutical pollutants make up the largest percentage of all water pollutants. According to empirical evidence, the adsorption method was the most effective way to eliminate pharmaceutical pollutants from aquatic environments. The adsorption process was divided into three sections: Three diffusion and adsorption in adsorbent pores in the liquid bulk, and two mass transfer in the boundary layer. In the last step of adsorption, the mechanism of the adsorption process is formed by diffusion inside the adsorbent. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in modeling to solve mass transfer equations and estimate attributes, mostly because it is less expensive and riskier than experimental methods. In this study, the Langmuir kinetics model was used to match the Dp of naproxen and doxycycline on the HKUST-1/ZnO/SA nanocomposite adsorbent, which was calculated using MATLAB. The desired data were also collected, and the case model was fitted using experimental data. Using the formulae and fitting the graphs, the modeling results show that the external film mass transfer coefficient (kf) and Langmuir second-order forward rate coefficient (k1) were comparable to 1.53 x 10- 6 cm/s and 4.6 x 10-3 cm3/mg.s, respectively. Using the determined k1 and kf, the Dp of doxycycline was within the range of Dp in solids and was 2.13 x 10-10 cm2/s. Given that the obtained k1 and kf equaled 2.10 x 10- 10 cm2/s, the Dp of naproxen was within the range of Dp in solids. Until it reached its maximum value on the adsorbent surface, the concentration rose in tandem with the radius.
Accuracy of Procalcitonin in the Diagnosis of Bacteremia and Discrimination from Contamination
(Istanbul Univ, 2025) Hayirlioglu, Nuket; Kaya, Ayse Demet; Sertel Selale, Deniz; Aydin Kurc, Mine; Varol, Gamze
Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the concordance of blood culture with procalcitonin (PCT) alone and together with C-reactive protein (CRP) in detecting bacteremia and the diagnostic performance of these biomarkers to differentiate contamination from true bacteremia. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 310 patients were analysed retrospectively. Advia Centaur XP immunoassay system and Au analysers were used to determine PCT and CRP levels, respectively. BacT/ Alert3D60 hemoculture system was used to incubate blood specimens, and VITEK2 compact was used to identify isolated strains. Results: The accuracy of PCT and CRP in detecting bacteremia were found to be 68.1% and 36.4%, respectively, and combining PCT and CRP had no added value. In analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC), the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) values of PCT and CRP were found to be 0.889 and 0.779 in discriminating the culture-negative group from the culture-positive group, and 0.645 and 0.502 in discriminating bacteremia from contamination, respectively. Conclusion: PCT is a reliable marker that can be used to detect bacteremia. However, its discriminative power was low in differentiating true bacteremia from contamination. Therefore, PCT levels alone should not be used to rule out blood culture contamination.
Theoretical Study of Coating Analysis of Flexible Blade of Non-Isothermal Viscoplastic Fluid
(Springer, 2025) Bhatti, Saira; Hanif, Waqar; Zahid, Muhammad; Umar, Muhammad; Salahshour, Soheil
The current work presents the magnetohydrodynamics effects of a non-isothermal viscoplastic fluid based on the coating analysis with a flexible blade. The complexity of the interconnection of heat transfer and rheological material properties with the fluid dynamics attracts the scientist and researchers across various scientific fields. The complexity of a non-isothermal viscoplastic fluid provides an additional insight into the process of blade coating when combined with flexible blade. An analysis of coating process for viscoplastic fluid has been established taking into account the blade flexibility, fluid rheological properties, temperature variations, and phenomena. The lubrication approximation theory simplifies the equations of motions and non-dimensional using suitable transformations. The analytical solutions of the constitutive equations are calculated and numerically compared for various quantities of interest. The graphical results are presented for comparison purposes for velocity profile, gradient, volumetric flow rate, temperature distribution and pressure. This research promotes the future exploration and innovative insight in the area of coating using non-isothermal viscoplastic fluids and novel investigations in non-Newtonian fluid dynamics.
A State-of-the-Art Review of Electrolyte Systems for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery - Status of the Technology, and Future Research Directions
(Elsevier, 2025) Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah; Abdullah, Mustafa; Odoi-Yorke, Flavio; Ameen, Arman; Chowdhury, Prangon; Raza, Muhammad Amir; Hussein, Ahmed Kadhim
Increasing use of renewable energy (RE) has raised awareness of energy storage technologies, with research focusing on developing vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) for large-scale storage due to their affordability, flexibility, and efficiency. This bibliometric study provides a general overview of research trends for electrolytes in VRFBs during the period from 2000 to 2024. The research field observed huge development with an expanding number of publications, heterogeneity of research themes, and increased international cooperation. Research was initially driven by fundamental electrochemical processes and efficiency in energy, whereas recent research was intended for performance optimization through the use of advanced materials and system design. Key advancements include membrane design to reduce ion crossover, the use of deep eutectic solvents, architected electrodes, and additive-improved electrolytes for improved thermal stability and robustness. Electrochemical diagnostics and imaging techniques have pushed redox kinetics and mass transport phenomena insight, and modeling approaches offer predictive insight into system function and failure mechanisms. Despite these breakthroughs, there remain long-standing challenges to overcome capacity fade, electrolyte degradation, and long-term stability in normal operating conditions. Future studies of VRFBs should be guided by the maximization of electrolyte composition and additive interactions for the minimization of side reactions like ion crossover and gas evolution. Integration of electrolyte design into system-level components will deliver improved stability and performance. Scalability and thermal stability can be realized through advanced modeling, low-cost materials, and multifunctional additives.
Assessment of Color Stability of Various Flowable Composite Resins with Different Viscosities
(MDPI, 2025) Yenier Yurdaguven, Gulsah
Biomimetic restorative dentistry aims to preserve tooth structure and achieve optimal aesthetic harmony with surrounding dentition. The principles and protocols associated with biomimetic restorative dentistry are designed to enhance the longevity of the restoration. The use of flowable CRs is increasingly common; however, the effect of viscosity on the discoloration has not been clearly established. This in vitro study aimed to assess the color stability of flowable CRs with varying viscosities following immersion in common staining solutions and subsequent repolishing. A total of 250 disc-shaped specimens (8 mm x 2 mm) were prepared from five CRs with different viscosity profiles: high-viscosity (Spectra STHV, Dentsply, Milford, DE, USA), medium-viscosity (Estelite Universal Flow Medium, Tokuyama Dental Co., Tokyo, Japan), bulk-fill (Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow, Tokuyama Dental Co., Tokyo, Japan; SDR Plus, Dentsply, Milford, DE, USA), and packable (Estelite Posterior, Tokuyama Dental Co., Tokyo, Japan). After polymerization and baseline color measurements, specimens were immersed in coffee, tea, cola, red wine, or distilled water for 144 h. Color values were recorded before and after staining, and again following repolishing. Color changes (Delta E1, Delta E2, Delta E3) were calculated using the CIE Lab system and statistically analyzed via two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD (alpha = 0.05). Both the CR type and the staining solution substantially affected the color change. SDR Plus exhibited the highest Delta E values. Red wine caused the most discoloration. Repolishing enhanced color in selected groups.
Families and Students on the Trail of Cultural Heritage: Historical Game Journey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Halac, Hicran Hanim; Bayir, Omur Gurdogan; Kose, Tuba Cengelci; Onel, Tolga; Onacan, Mehmet Bilge Kagan
Field trips integrated with technology, supported by games and including family participation provide valuable experiences in cultural heritage education. The aim of this study is to determine the experiences of students and families regarding the historical game journey project, which integrates technology-supported, game-included, family-participatory field trip activity in cultural heritage education. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The study applied interview for 45 grade 3rd and 4th students and 54 parents. The data analyzed by descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the research, it was seen that the students who participated in the project found the activity fun, instructive and exciting. Parents on the other hand, thought that this activity provided quality time, provided a different perspective and facilitated learning by doing and experiencing. As a result, both children and parents found the activity positive in terms of realizing cultural heritage education. Therefore, when cultural heritage education is carried out with the support of technology together with families in the field, this application attracts students' attention and improves their awareness of cultural heritage. In addition, the gamified experience provided through the cards collected via the wands and kiosks was found to be enjoyable for students, enabling them to learn architectural concepts, explore cultural heritage elements on site, and develop an understanding of the importance of heritage preservation. While the students discussed the contribution of the historical game journey to them in terms of learning new information and contributing to sensitivity to cultural heritage, the parents explained the contribution of this process to them in terms of awareness of protecting cultural heritage, raising awareness and being instructive. Considering all these benefits of the historical game journey, it can be concluded that realizing such activities is important for cultural heritage education. The historical game journey enhanced students' awareness of cultural heritage and encouraged active family involvement. This demonstrates that technology-supported, game-based field trips can be powerful tools for both students and families in cultural heritage education.
Enhancing Thermal Performance of Phase Change Materials Using Conductive Rods with Length Dependent Melting Dynamics
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Khalaf, Abbas Fadhil; Rashid, Farhan Lafta; Al-Obaidi, Mudhar A.; Mohammed, Hayder I.; Ameen, Arman; Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah
Phase change materials (PCMs) suffer from slow melting rates due to their low thermal conductivity, limiting their efficiency in thermal energy storage systems. This study numerically investigates the novel use of copper rods as conductive enhancers to accelerate PCM melting in a horizontally placed hemispherical cell. Using the ANSYS/FLUENT 16 with an enthalpy-porosity model, the impact of rod integration is examined to determine the optimal rod configuration for maximising heat transfer while minimising melting time. The results indicate that copper rods dramatically improved melting performance: a 20 mm rod can reduce total melting time by 70% (from 300 to 90 min), while 10 mm and 15 mm rods achieve reductions of 40% (to 180 min) and 50% (to 150 min), respectively. Clearly, the 20 mm rod enables 70% liquid fraction in 30 min, showing a melting speed four times faster than the no-rod case. Nonlinear scaling reveals diminishing returns beyond 15 mm, suggesting a cost-performance trade-off at this length. The 15 mm rod emerged as a practical balance between attaining 85% of maximum gain with a 50% reduction in melting time while utilising 25% less copper than 20 mm rod. Accordingly, this research provides critical insights for designing high-efficiency thermal storage systems, offering a roadmap to optimise conductive enhancements for real-world applications. By bridging the gap between material properties and system-level performance, the findings advance the deployment of PCMs in renewable energy and waste heat recovery systems.
Nonlinear Dynamics of Specific Physical Waves of a (2+1)-Dimensional Generalized Sawada-Kotera Equation
(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2025) Hosseini, K.; Kaymakamzade, B.; Umar, T.; Alizadeh, F.; Hincal, E.; Kheybari, S.
In this paper, a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Sawada-Kotera (2D-gSK) equation, with significant applications in quantum gravity field theory, is explored. The study begins by bilinearizing the 2D-gSK equation using the Bell polynomial (BP) method and continues by finding its multiple solitons, after verifying integrability properties, through the simplified Hirota method. Some theorems regarding the existence of multi-lump waves are formally presented as direct results of multiple solitons. To complete the studies, some other specific nonlinear waves of the 2D-gSK equation, such as breather, complexiton, and Jacobi waves, are constructed in a detailed manner. In the end, as a result of the multidimensional and density representations, the dynamic features of such nonlinear waves are assessed. This work provides valuable results regarding nonlinear waves of the 2D-gSK equation and their dynamics.
Cancer Stem Cell Enrichment in in Vitro Models: Techniques, Insights, and Applications
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Ranjbar-Niavol, Fazeleh; Barisam, Maryam; Khosravi, Arezoo; Kashaninejad, Navid; Zarrabi, Ali; Vosough, Massoud
Due to the substantial role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in therapeutic resistance and metastasis, the study of them is of great importance. However, their low abundance within the tumor cells makes it challenging to study their molecular pathophysiology. This limitation highlighted the critical need for reliable enrichment techniques to provide enough cells for in vitro tests. This review focuses on various methods that implemented for enrichment of cancer stem-like cells' subpopulations from the heterogeneous population of cancer cells. In this regard, various key physicochemical parameters such as hypoxia, shear stress, high glucose concentration, autophagy, and chemotherapy-induced stress have been explored for their potential to enhance CSC enrichment. The results presented in the literature confirmed that modifying these parameters can improve the enrichment of CSCs by promoting stem-like cells phenotype. However, there is still a necessity for comprehensive studies that compare the impact of these parameters on CSC enrichment, which should be addressed in future works.
Electromagnetic Energy of a Small Electric/Magnetic Dipole: Relativistic Limit
(World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd, 2025) Kholmetskii, Alexander; Yarman, Tolga; Missevitch, Oleg
We derive a relativistic expression for the electromagnetic (EM) energy of a small electric/magnetic dipole in an EM field, using a manifestly covariant expression for the Lagrangian density of a polarized/magnetized material medium in an EM field.13 We discuss possible implications of the obtained result and, in particular, show the perfect fulfillment of the relativistic transformation for the EM four-momentum of the dipole, given that its spatial components are defined as the sum of its "hidden momentum", first introduced by Shockley and James5 and its "latent momentum", first introduced by Kholmetskii et al.10
Inventive Tubular Solar Stills: Improving Desalination Performance Through Phase Change Materials and Upgraded Design for Sustainable Water Solutions
(Wiley, 2025) Rashid, Farhan Lafta; Al-Obaidi, Mudhar A.; Al Maimuri, Najah M. L.; Kadhim, Saif Ali; Ahmad, Shabbir; Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah; Bouabidi, Abdallah
This paper reviews how tubular solar still designs can enhance thermal output and offer a sustainable desalination solution powered by solar energy. Conventional solar stills typically produce only 2-5 L/m(2)/day, highlighting the need for more efficient and practical designs for widespread adoption. Studies categorize performance improvement methods into two primary approaches, with particular emphasis on phase change materials due to their demonstrated efficacy. Experimental data shows that phase change materials can improve the system energy efficiency to a maximum of 30% and boost manufacturing capacity notably while reaching production quantities greater than 6 L/m(2)/day within optimal operating parameters. The review demonstrates how advanced wick materials, vacuum insulation together with reflective surfaces have enhanced both thermal performance and productivity of these systems. Geographical conditions, together with climate variables, influence the success of these enhancement methods; so, specific optimization measures must be developed for different locations. Recent experimental and theoretical research synthesis delivers important pathways for future development, which proves tubular solar stills as sustainable water scarcity solutions that produce less carbon than traditional desalination approaches.
Experimental Study on the Efficiency Improvement of a Forced Draft Wet Cooling Tower via Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanofluid and Optimized Packing
(Elsevier, 2025) Sharif, Mohammad Nakhaee; Goshayeshi, Hamidreza; Saleh, Reza; Chaer, Issa; Toghraie, Davood; Salahshoor, Soheil
The thermal performance of wet cooling towers is often limited by the low heat transfer capacity of conventional working fluids and suboptimal packing designs. To address this challenge, this study presents an experimental investigation of a laboratory-scale forced-draft counterflow wet cooling tower. The effects of Fe3O4/water magnetic nanofluid, magnetic field orientation, and three types of packing geometries (splash and film fills) were evaluated under various flow conditions. Key performance parameters-including the Merkel number, thermal efficiency, outlet water temperature, and cooling range-were analyzed. Employing 0.15 wt% Fe3O4/water nanofluid under a magnetic field led to a 55 % increase in the Merkel number, a 37 % rise in thermal efficiency, a 14 % reduction in outlet temperature, and a 27 % improvement in cooling range compared to pure water. Among the tested packings, the splash type demonstrated the best performance due to enhanced droplet breakup and increased surface area, resulting in an average increase of 187 % in the Merkel number compared to towers without packing. This is the first experimental study to jointly assess the influence of magnetic nanofluid, magnetic field configuration, and packing type on wet cooling tower performance. These findings provide new insights for enhancing energy efficiency in cooling systems by utilizing advanced working fluids and optimized internal components.
The Value of miR-155 Expression in Predicting Early and Long-Term Outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery
(Springer India, 2025) Demir, Hidayet; Tuncer, Mehmet Altug; Sheikhvatan, Mehrdad
BackgroundThe role of the expression of micro ribonucleic acid-155 (miR-155) in the modulation of inflammatory processes leading to the development of arterial atherosclerosis has been studied, but it is still not clear whether the change in the expression of miR-155 can predict the outcomes after the vascularization procedure.ObjectiveWe assessed the value of assessing preoperative miR-155 expression for determining the severity of coronary artery involvement and then determined the association of the expression of this micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA) and poorer outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery.MethodsThe background information was collected by reviewing the hospital database. To assess the level of miR-155, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was set up using the Taq Polymerase plus PacMan (TaqMan) Assay kit. To evaluate the outcomes after surgery, patients were asked by telephone calls.ResultsThe mean miR-155 expression value in the patients with one, two, and three involved coronaries was 1.57 +/- 0.21, 1.27 +/- 0.28, and 1.23 +/- 0.29 respectively indicating a lower level of expression in those with three-vessel disease as compared to other disease subgroups. The Gensini score was adversely associated with the level of miR-155 expression. The miR-155 expression level in patients who died in the hospital was significantly lower than in surviving patients. The presence of long-term major cardiovascular adverse events was associated with a lower level of miR-155 expression. These findings were also obtained after adjusting for background factors.ConclusionDecreased expression of the miR-155 is associated with increased risk of mortality and long-term complications after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Using CFD Analysis to Evaluate the Performance of a Natural Gas Compressor Under Different Geometries of Internal Parts
(Elsevier, 2025) Liu, Rong; Ali, AliB. M.; Jasim, Dheyaa J.; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Al-Bahrani, Mohammed; Ahmad, Zubair; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi
Natural gas transmission networks in some countries are the main arteries of this energy source. Their extensiveness and the fluid properties of natural gas necessitate proper compression under all conditions. The design of pressure boosting stations and the operation prediction under different consumer demand conditions necessitate using several parallel compressors capable of different rotational speeds. In this study, a model of a heavy-duty centrifugal compressor used in these stations has been studied. First, using the finite volume method, the compressor is simulated with initial conditions and in three dimensions. Then, suggestions are made to modify the geometry of its various parts, and their effects under all flow rates and rotational speeds are examined. The impact of the number of blades/vanes in the impellers, the intermediate diffuser, and the inlet channel has been studied. The effect of using splitters has also been examined. The results show that although the use of splitters is not recommended, changing the number of blades/vanes in other parts can increase the efficiency of the compressor. Increasing the number of IGVs reduces the compressor power consumption by 5.9 %. Increasing the number of IBs from 15 to 18 for the first and second stages increases the outlet pressure by 2.93 % and 0.32 %, respectively. It also decreases the outlet entropy by 46.80 % and 28.45 %, respectively. It also decreased TKE in the first stage from 172.83J/K to 139.26J/K (19.99 %) and increased it from-52.73 to 4.77J/K in the second stage. Reducing the number of diffuser vanes to 19 increased the efficiency by 1.1 %. Reducing the number of IBs to 15 increased the efficiency by 2.55 %. In general, since the natural gas consumption flow rate has changed from the initial design condi-tions, and the performance improvement resulting from the proposed modifications is greater at higher flow rates, these changes are justified.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Metabolism to Targeted Therapies
(Springer, 2025) Sharafi, Faezeh; Rismani, Elham; Rhmanian, Mohamad; Khosravi, Arezoo; Zarrabi, Ali; Vosough, Massoud
Globally, liver cancer is reported to be the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The most common type of these cancers is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current preventive strategies, including lifestyle modifications, antiviral therapies, and surveillance, are limited in their effectiveness. Mitochondria play critical roles in regulating cellular metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction can accelerate HCC progression, particularly in patients with liver diseases such as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in HCC from a molecular point of view, including oxidative stress, mitophagy dysregulation, mitochondrial dynamics dysregulation, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-mediated dysregulation of innate immune responses. Additionally, we explore molecular-targeted therapies aimed at restoring mitochondrial function. Critical approaches include targeting reactive oxygen species pathways through agents such as iridium (III) complexes and Mito Rh S, which induce cancer cell death through apoptosis and ferroptosis. Other compounds, including dehydrocrenatidine, enhance oxidative phosphorylation and promote apoptosis. Inhibitors of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) target mitochondrial fission to reduce tumor growth. Furthermore, mitophagy modulators, such as SIRT1 activators, improve mitochondrial quality control, minimize the negative effects of oxidative stress, and reduce cancer development. Clinical trials are ongoing for the mitochondrial enzyme-targeting agents CPI-613 and Gamitrinib, a heat shock protein-targeting agent, which have hence shown great promise for these therapies. With further investigation, mitochondrial-targeted interventions could be promising for preventing or reducing HCC incidence and recurrence, increasing long-term survival, and improving the quality of life of patients with advanced-stage disease.
Molecular Dynamics Study of Thermomechanical Strength Enhancement in Silica Aerogel Reinforced with Paraffin Under External Electric Fields
(Elsevier, 2025) Ali, Ali B. M.; Hafad, Sanaa. A.; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Alsayah, Ahmed Mohsin; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Sabetvand, Rozbeh
Aerogels are extremely porous, low-density solids with distinct thermal and mechanical characteristics. The addition of phase change materials (PCMs), such as paraffin, to silica aerogels, may greatly improve their functioning, especially for thermal energy applications. This work examines the mechanical performance of paraffin-reinforced silica aerogel (PRSA) in the presence of external electric fields, using molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the effects on stress-strain behavior, ultimate strength (US), Young's modulus (YM), and interaction energy. Simulations are conducted using electric field strengths ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 eV/& Aring;. The findings show a significant improvement in mechanical characteristics as the electric field strength rises. The composite's ultimate strength increases from 389.74 MPa at 0.1 eV/& Aring; to 638.95 MPa at 1.0 eV/& Aring;, while Young's modulus increases from 1001.19 MPa to 2178.11 MPa within the same range. These improvements suggested that the external electric field efficiently enhanced molecular interactions inside the composite, as seen by continuously negative interaction energy values ranging from -40.44 eV to -42.08 eV. This work shows that using an external electric field was a potential technique for improving the thermomechanical strength of PRSA. The results give useful insights for creating improved aerogel composites with customized mechanical characteristics, which might benefit a wide range of industrial and scientific applications that demand increased durability and performance under mechanical stress.

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