WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14517/18

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Citation Count: 0
Mathematical Analysis of Chickenpox Population Dynamics Unveiling the Impact of Booster in Enhancing Recovery of Infected Individuals
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Ibrahim, Kabiru Garba; Andrawus, James; Abubakar, Abbas; Yusuf, Abdullahi; Maiwa, Stephen Ishaya; Bitrus, Kefas; Jonathan, Joseph
Chickenpox (varicella) is a highly transmissible infection primarily caused by a herpes virus called Varicella Zoster and is a commonly reported childhood disease. In this paper, a deterministic nonlinear model was adapted to investigate the dynamics of chickenpox that incorporates intervention in the form of isolation and treatment. In the mathematical analysis part, the positivity and boundedness of the solution have been ascertained, existence of disease equilibria has also been ascertained, which shows that the model consists of two equilibriums, the DFE (disease-free equilibrium point) and EE (endemic equilibrium point). The effective reproduction number has been computed using the next-generation operator method and the basic reproduction number has been computed by setting all the associated effective reproduction number to zero. The DFE was found to be both (globally and locally asymptotically stable) if R-c < 1 and the global stability of disease-free equilibrium point has been proven using the comparison method. Global asymptotic stability of EEP(endemic equilibrium point) has been ascertained using the nonlinear Lyapunov function of the Go-Volterra type, which reveals that, the EE is globally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is greater than unity and omega = psi(1) = psi (2) = delta(1) = delta(2) = 0 . Sensitivity analysis shows that natural recovery and isolation are very sensitive in reducing the control reproduction number and effective contact rate is very sensitive in increasing the effective reproduction number. In the numerical simulation part, the section confirmed the analytical results and further, shows that the natural recovery booster is a vital parameter that helps greatly in the healing process of chickenpox patients. The proposed model also reveals that the isolation and treatment rate of infected individuals are very important parameters in controlling chickenpox in society. We recommend that immunity boosters and isolation be prioritized in controlling chickenpox in the population.
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Impact of Blood Flow Restriction Intensity on Pain Perception and Muscle Recovery Post-Eccentric Exercise
(Wiley, 2025) Sürenkök, Özgür; Aydın, Gamze; Kendal, Kübra; Atıcı, Emine; Atici, Emine; Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon / Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
BackgroundDelayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a well-established phenomenon characterized by ultrastructural muscle damage that typically develops following unfamiliar or high-intensity exercise. DOMS manifests with a constellation of symptoms, including muscle tenderness, stiffness, edema, mechanical hyperalgesia, and a reduced range of joint motion. In recent years, the application of blood flow restriction (BFR) has garnered attention for its potential impact on DOMS.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of different BFR intensities on biomechanical alterations induced by DOMS in healthy individuals.Design and MethodsThirty participants were split into two groups receiving either 80% or 20% BFR applied during low-intensity resistance exercise following DOMS induction. Pain perception, pressure pain threshold, muscle biometric characteristics, and strength were assessed before DOMS, after DOMS, and following BFR application at 24, 48, and 72 h.ResultsThe 80% BFR group experienced faster reductions in pain perception compared to the 20% BFR group. Muscle strength recovery was also statistically faster in the 80% BFR group. No significant differences were observed between groups in muscle stiffness, flexibility, or other mechanical properties.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that BFR, particularly at higher intensities, may alleviate DOMS symptoms and accelerate muscle strength recovery. However, the lack of a control group and limitations in muscle property assessment warrant further research to definitively determine BFR's efficacy in managing DOMS.
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Evaluation of Respiratory Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Physical Activity, and Functionality in Patients With Lower Extremity Lymphedema
(Mary Ann Liebert, inc, 2024) Aydın, Gamze; Aydin, Gamze; Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon / Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Background: Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive condition that has major physical and psychological consequences. It was aimed to examine the respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength, physical activity level, and functionality of patients with lower extremity lymphedema and to compare them with healthy controls. Methods and Results: A total of 82 individuals (29.3% male, 70.7% female, with a mean age of 49.89 +/- 15.07 years) with lower extremity lymphedema (Group 1) and healthy individuals (Group 2) were included. Respiratory functions of the participants were evaluated by spirometry, respiratory muscle strength by maximum oral pressure measurements, physical activity levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), functionality by Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG test). All respiratory function test measurements were lower in mean Group 1 than in Group 2 (p < 0.05). While inspiratory muscle strength did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05), expiratory muscle strength was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (p < 0.05). Although spent time and energy for sitting were higher in Group 1 (p < 0.05), IPAQ vigorous-, moderate-, and light-intensity physical activity (MET-min/week) and IPAQ-total score did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). In Group 1, mean of LEFS score was lower and TUG test (seconds) in Group 1 was longer compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Respiratory functions, expiratory muscle strength, and functionality in patients with lower extremity lymphedema were adversely affected; however, inspiratory muscle strength and physical activity levels were similar to those of healthy controls.
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A Secure and Efficient Blockchain Enabled Federated Q-Learning Model for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
(Nature Portfolio, 2024) Ahmed, Huda A.; Jasim, Hend Muslim; Gatea, Ali Noori; Al-Asadi, Ali Amjed Ali; Al-Asadi, Hamid Ali Abed
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are growing into more desirable targets for malicious individuals due to the quick rise in the number of automated vehicles around the roadside. Secure data transfer is necessary for VANETs to preserve the integrity of the entire network. Federated learning (FL) is often suggested as a safe technique for exchanging data among VANETs, however, its capacity to protect private information is constrained. This research proposes an extra level of security to Federated Q-learning by merging Blockchain technology with VANETs. Initially, traffic data is encrypted utilizing the Extended Elliptic Curve Cryptography (EX-ECC) technique to enhance the security of data. Then, the Federated Q-learning model trains the data and ensures higher privacy protection. Moreover, interplanetary file system (IPFS) technology allows Blockchain storage to improve the security of VANETs information. Additionally, the validation process of the proposed Blockchain framework is performed by utilizing a Delegated Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (DPBFT) based consensus algorithm. The proposed approach to federated Q-learning offered by Blockchain technology has the potential to develop VANET safety and performance. Comprehensive simulation tests are performed with several assessment criteria considered for number of vehicles 100, Throughput (102465.8 KB/s), Communication overhead (360.57 Mb), Average Latency (864.425 ms), Communication Time (19.51 s), Encryption time (0.98 ms), Decryption time (1.97 ms), Consensus delay (50 ms) and Validation delay (1.68 ms), respectively. As a result, the proposed approach performs significantly better than the existing approaches.
Citation Count: 0
Muscle Tone and Stiffness Comparison in Ambulatory Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Implications for Postural Balance and Functional Mobility
(Human Kinetics Publ inc, 2024) Akdikan, Melisa; Kara, Ike; Saldiran, Tillay cevik
Objectives: To compare muscle tone and stiffness in ambulatory children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (UCP) with typically developing peers and explore their relationship with postural balance and functional mobility. Methods: Forty ambulatory children with UCP and age-matched typically developing peers were assessed for tone and stiffness of lumbar spinal extensors, gastrocnemius, and hamstring muscles using a myotonometer. Functional mobility was evaluated with the 2-Minute Walk Test, and the Timed Up and Go Test, while postural balance was evaluated using the Pediatric Balance Scale and the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS). Results: The gastrocnemius muscle tone and stiffness were higher on the affected side in UCP compared with the less affected side and typically developing peers (P < .05). Lumbar spinal extensor tone correlated with improved Trunk Control Measurement Scale scores (P = .003). The gastrocnemius and hamstring muscles' tone and stiffness did not significantly affect functional mobility measures in UCP (P> .05). Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of achieving muscle symmetry, particularly in the plantar flexors, for functional mobility in UCP children. While differences in ankle and knee muscle biomechanics were observed, they didn't significantly impact functional mobility or postural balance. Symmetry in lumbar spinal extensor biomechanics correlated with better outcomes, emphasizing the crucial role of trunk control in rehabilitation strategies for ambulatory children with UCP.
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Exploring Drug Repurposing for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: Defining Novel Therapeutic Targets
(Wiley, 2024) İnal Gültekin, Güldal; Cetin, Zeliha; Mangir, Naside; Fizyoloji / Physiology
Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating pain condition of unknown etiology. Effective therapies for this condition could not have been developed in the last century. Drug repurposing is a practical strategy for enhancing patient access to successful therapies. It is an approach for discovering novel applications for licensed or investigational pharmaceuticals that extend beyond the initial medical indication. This work aims to identify repurposable medications through bioinformatics to discover potential drugs or compounds that can reverse the IC/BPS disease signature. Methods and Material: The analysis involved examining the differentially expressed genes in IC/BPS patients with two distinct disease phenotypes (Hunner's lesion disease, non-Hunner's lesion disease) and controls using the datasets GSE11783, GSE28242, and GSE57560. The goal was to assess the reversal of the disease signature on the L1000CDS2 and cMAP platforms. Results: Twenty-one compounds were repurposed, consisting of 11 small molecules, 10 chemical compounds, 3 natural products, and 6 FDA-approved drugs, currently used for clinical indications such as cancer, myelofibrosis, and diabetes. Discussion: Bioinformatics can be useful for identifying therapeutic agents for IC/BPS by accessing and processing big data on molecular and cellular levels. Prospective in vivo experiments must validate repurposed drugs. The expansion of large-scale genome sequencing, gene expression studies, and clinical data for IC/BPS will improve successful drug selection.
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Regulating the Regulators: Long Non-Coding Rnas as Autophagic Controllers in Chronic Disease Management
(Bmc, 2024) Kumar, Aviral; Yap, Kenneth Chun-Hong; Bharathwajchetty, Bandari; Lyu, Juncheng; Hegde, Mangala; Abbas, Mohamed; Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B.
The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and their associated morbidities demands a deeper understanding of underlying mechanism and causative factors, with the hope of developing novel therapeutic strategies. Autophagy, a conserved biological process, involves the degradation of damaged organelles or protein aggregates to maintain cellular homeostasis. Disruption of this crucial process leads to increased genomic instability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial functions, and suppression of ubiquitination, leading to overall decline in quality of intracellular components. Such deregulation has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neurological disorders. This review explores the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as modulators of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression, regulating diverse physiological process like proliferation, development, immunity, and metabolism. Moreover, lncRNAs are known to sequester autophagy related microRNAs by functioning as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), thereby regulating this vital process. In the present review, we delineate the multitiered regulation of lncRNAs in the autophagic dysfunction of various pathological diseases. Moreover, by highlighting recent findings on the modulation of lncRNAs in different stages of autophagy, and the emerging clinical landscape that recognizes lncRNAs in disease diagnosis and therapy, this review highlights the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinical settings of different stages of autophagic process by regulating ATG and its target genes. This focus on lncRNAs could lead to breakthroughs in personalized medicine, offering new avenues for diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases.
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The Impact of Climate Change Anxiety on the Willingness To Have Children Among Married Individuals
(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Efetürk, Nida; Gokcay, Gonul; Akgun, Zeynep Genc; Cevirme, Ayse; Ameliyathane Hizmetleri / Operating Room Services
AimThis study aims to examine the impact of climate change anxiety on the willingness to have children among married individuals.Subject and methodsThe research is designed as a descriptive study within a relational screening model. The study sample consists of 977 married individuals aged 18-49. Data collection tools include the Sociodemographic Information Questionnaire, Climate Change Anxiety Scale, and the Willingness to Have Children Scale. Data were evaluated using SPSS 27-V.ResultsAmong the participants, 73.2% are women, and 79.5% live in nuclear families. Participants scored an average of 28.58 +/- 9.212 on the Climate Change Anxiety Scale and 54.05 +/- 7.647 on the Willingness to Have Children Scale. The impact of individuals' climate change anxiety on their willingness to have children was determined using simple linear regression. The findings indicate that climate change anxiety significantly predicts the willingness to have children.ConclusionThe results of the study suggest that climate change has significant effects not only on the environment but also on psychological health, influencing individuals' decisions regarding having children. These findings highlight the need for climate change mitigation policies to consider psychological well-being alongside environmental solutions. It is recommended to implement awareness-raising education and establish psychological support mechanisms for different segments of society.
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Therapeutic Strategies for Mirror Aneurysms: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Springer, 2024) Sheıkhvatan, Mehrdad; Bahadori, Amir Reza; Naghavi, Erfan; Kashan, Azadeh Imeni; Davari, Afshan; Sheikhvatan, Mehrdad; Ranji, Sara; Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı / Department of Medical Biology
Mirror aneurysms are rare and pose therapeutic challenges, with both endovascular and microsurgical options available. Single-stage and two-stage procedures are employed, but the optimal strategy remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy and safety of different therapeutic strategies for managing mirror aneurysms. The study adhered to PRISMA guidelines and comprehensively analyzed data from multiple databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, up to 30th September 2024. Statistical analysis utilized the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software version 3.0. This systematic review encompasses 42 studies, with 11 studies undergoing meta-analysis. The meta-analysis included 629 participants. Both microsurgical clipping and endovascular interventions achieved high rates of complete occlusion (RROC 1) (ES = 0.896; 95% CI: 0.840 to 0.931; P < 0.001) with low to moderate heterogeneity (I-2 = 46.46%). Favorable neurological outcomes (mRS <= 2) were significantly achieved among all patients (ES = 0.924; 95% CI: 0.891 to 0.948; P < 0.001) with low heterogeneity (I-2 = 15.52%). Subgroup analysis revealed that microsurgical clipping demonstrated superior occlusion rates and more consistent neurological outcomes compared to endovascular treatment. Also, complications were reported in seven studies (n = 492) and included cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, and vasospasm. As well, mortality and recurrence were rare. Both microsurgical clipping and endovascular interventions are effective and safe for treating mirror aneurysms, with clipping showing superior occlusion rates and consistent outcomes. Single-stage procedures and unilateral craniotomy are associated with better neurological outcomes when feasible.
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Environmental and Biomedical Applications of 2d Transition Metal Borides (mbenes): Recent Advancements
(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2024) Khosravı, Arezoo; Zarepour, Atefeh; Khosravi, Arezoo; Zarrabi, Ali; Genetik ve Biyomühendislik / Genetic and Bio-Engineering
Recently, interest has surged in the environmental and biomedical applications of two-dimensional transition metal borides, commonly referred to as MBenes. These materials have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage devices, such as batteries and supercapacitors. Additionally, MBenes have shown remarkable catalytic activity due to their high surface area and tunable electronic properties. They exhibit significant promise in various catalytic applications, particularly in nitrogen reduction reactions (NRRs), electrocatalytic conversion of nitrogen oxides, and several electrochemical reactions such as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Notably, MBenes have shown great potential in water treatment and pollutant removal applications, such as desalination and water purification. Their high water permeability, ion selectivity, and excellent stability make them suitable for efficient water treatment processes. On the other hand, MBenes are emerging as versatile materials with significant potential in various biomedical applications, particularly in biosensing, cancer therapy, and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, several challenges hinder their practical implementation in biomedical and environmental fields. One significant issue is the scalability of synthesis methods; producing MBenes in large quantities while maintaining high purity and uniformity is often complex and costly. Moreover, the stability of MBenes and their composites under different environmental and biological conditions raises concerns, as they may undergo degradation or lose their functional properties over time, which could limit their long-term effectiveness. Additionally, there is a need for comprehensive toxicity assessments to ensure the safety of MBenes in biomedical applications, particularly when interacting with human tissues or biological systems. This review aims to systematically investigate the environmental and biomedical applications of MBenes and their composites, emphasizing their unique characteristics and potential roles in addressing pressing global challenges. Furthermore, the review will identify and discuss the existing challenges and limitations in the operational performance of MBenes and their composites, providing a critical assessment of their current state in various applications.
Citation Count: 1
Breast Cancer Recurrence in Initially Clinically Node-Positive Patients Undergoing Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the Neosentiturk-Trials Mf18-02/18-03
(Springer, 2025) Cabioglu, Neslihan; Karanlik, Hasan; Igci, Abdullah; Muslumanoglu, Mahmut; Gulcelik, Mehmet Ali; Uras, Cihan; Ozmen, Vahit
Background. This study aims to identify factors predicting recurrence and unfavorable prognosis in cN+ patients who have undergone sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). MethodsThe retrospective multi-centre "MF18-02" and the prospective multi-centre cohort registry trial "MF18-03" (NCT04250129) included patients with cT1-4N1-3M0 with SLNB+/- axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) post-NAC. Results. A total of 2407 cN+ patients, who later achieved cN0 status after NAC and subsequently underwent SLNB, were studied. The majority had cT1-2 (79.1%) and N1 (80.7%). After a median follow-up time of 41 months, the rates of locoregional recurrence and axillary recurrence (AR) were 1.83% and 0.37%, respectively. No significant difference in locoregional recurrence or AR rates was observed between the SLNB/targeted axillary dissection-only (n = 1470) and ALND (n = 937) groups. Factors significantly linked with AR included age younger than 45 years, nonpathological complete response (non-pCR) in the breast, and nonluminal pathology. Locoregional recurrences were associated with nonluminal or HER2(+) pathology, non-pCR in the breast, and ALND. Poor prognostic factors for disease-free survival (DFS) included having cT3-T4, no breast pCR (non-pCR), ypN(+), and nonluminal pathology. No significant difference was found in DFS or disease-specific survival (DSS) rates among ypN0, ypN-isolated tumour cells, ypNmic, and ypN1. However, significant decreases in DFS and DSS rates were observed when comparing ypN2 or ypN3 disease with ypN0. Conclusions. The present large registry data indicate that younger patients (<45), those with nonluminal pathology, and those who only partially respond in the breast are more susceptible to axillary and locoregional recurrences.
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Bioaccessibility and Functional Food Potential of equisetum Telmateia Ehrh. Against Diabetes-Induced Kidney Disorders
(Mdpi, 2024) Barak, Timur Hakan; Kurt-Celep, Inci; Celep, Engin
Various species from the genus Equisetum are recorded as food and folk medicine against both kidney complications and diabetes. Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. is documented as a folk remedy in T & uuml;rkiye against several kidney disorders. This study was designed to evaluate the possible protective mechanisms of E. telmateia EtOH extract (ETE) against kidney disorders and diabetes through different routes, such as the prevention of ROS formation, inhibitory potential against various DM-related enzymes, and a reduction in the amount of the mediators leading to disorders in both systems at the cellular level. The objective was to achieve advanced precision for in vitro results while considering the effect of GIS on oral consumption. Both phytochemical and bioactivity studies were conducted before and after simulated digestion. The results showed that ETE is a rich source of flavonoids and phenolic acids. In addition, it has significant antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential. Treatment also yielded promising results at the cellular level for both antioxidative and inhibitor proteins, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of kidney disorders and diabetes. Following the in vitro digestion procedure, both the number of phytochemical ingredients and bioactivity parameters showed a considerable decreasing trend; however, the results are still significant enough to justify the traditional utilization of the genus Equisetum. This investigation demonstrated that ETE has noteworthy potential as a functional food for protection against diabetic kidney disease.
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The Determinants of Green Purchasing in the Hospitality Sector: a Study on the Mediation Effect of Lohas Orientation
(Mdpi, 2024) Sözer, Edin Güçlü; Civelek, Mustafa Emre; Ertemel, Adnan Veysel; Pehlivanoglu, Mustafa cagri; İşletme / Business Administration
The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of personal norm and to measure the effect of personal norm on green purchasing behavior as well as a possible mediating role of consumer LOHAS orientation in the effect of personal norm on green purchasing behavior in the hospitality context. A field study was designed to measure the hypothesized effects, and 418 consumers who regularly purchase summer holidays in hotels were included in the survey. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed in order to test the proposed hypotheses. The results confirm that social norm, the ascription of responsibility, and the attitude towards green purchasing behavior are the determinants of personal norm. Personal norm is found to affect both the green purchasing behavior and the LOHAS orientation of consumers. The results of the study also confirmed that LOHAS orientation does not mediate the effect of personal norm on green purchasing behavior due to the dominance of personal norm's effect on LOHAS orientation. Academic as well as managerial implications are provided in the Discussion. The Conclusion provides the most important academic and practical contributions of the study, limitations related to the generalizability of the findings, and recommendations for future studies.
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Evidence for Twz Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at √s=13 Tev in Multilepton Final States
(Elsevier, 2024) Hayrapetyan, A.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J. W.; Bergauer, T.; Chatterjee, S.; Zhokin, A.
The first evidence for the standard model production of a top quark in association with a W boson and a Z boson is reported. The measurement is performed in multilepton final states, where the Z boson is reconstructed via its decays to electron or muon pairs. At least one W boson, associated or from top quark decay, decays leptonically, too. The analysed data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016-2018 in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb(-1). The measured cross section is 354 +/- 54(stat) +/- 95(syst) fb, and corresponds to a statistical significance of 3.4 standard deviations.
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An Innovative Approach Combination of Powder Metallurgy and Accumulative Press Bonding To Fabricate Al/ Graphite Nanocomposites and Investigate the Tribological and Wear Properties
(Elsevier, 2025) Salahshour, Soheıl; Basem, Ali; Daneshmand, Saeed; Jasim, Dheyaa J.; Hekmatifar, Maboud; Salahshour, Soheil
In this study, Al/Gr Nanocomposites (NC) were fabricated using an innovative approach that is a combination of powder metallurgy (PM) and accumulative press bonding (APB). By this combination method, many of defects are removed from the composite matrix which improves the mechanical properties. The APB process is a unique technique that made it possible to create NCs with distinct properties. In simpler terms, this process involves compressing a series of overlapping bulky samples that achieves a specific reduction ratio, such as 50 %. It is worth noting that extensive research has been done to understand the properties of Al/Gr-NCs comprehensively. By increasing the Gr value up to 10 %, hardness and friction coefficient dropped and wear rate increased by 23 %, 214 % and 37 %, respectively. Focusing on the analysis of microstructural, and tribological properties (TP), with special emphasis on the effect of Gr content as an additive component. In addition, the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) has facilitated the study of the surface and microstructure of tribo-NC. The result of this study revealed desirable behaviors. It was observed that with the increase of Gr content, the hardness and friction coefficient (FC) of the NC samples decreased, while the density and WR rate of the samples increased. These results indicate the importance of Gr addition in adjusting the MP and TP of NCs. Finally, the combination of PM and the APB process offers a promising way to fabricate nanoparticle (NP)-reinforced materials with desirable MP.
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Investigation of the Arrangement of Aluminum Fins on the Thermal Behavior of Lauric Acid as a Phase Change Material in a Two-Pipe Heat Exchanger by Cfd Simulation
(Elsevier, 2024) Liu, Weidong; Mokhtari, Majid; Hussein, Muntadher Abed; Kumar, Anjan; Albayati, Talib M.; Bains, Pardeep Singh; Hekmatifar, M.
Background: Phase change material (PCM) thermal storage systems store more thermal energy per unit volume than sensible heat storage systems. PCMs offer a potential solution to reduce energy consumption in various thermal engineering applications. This study aimed to examine how fin arrangement affected the thermal efficiency and melting time of PCMs. Methods: A two-dimensional numerical analysis of the melting process of lauric acid in a heat exchanger featuring two pipelines and fins was conducted using CFD simulation. In most previous investigations, the heat transfer fluid was a single-phase liquid. An enthalpy-porosity technique was used to model the solid and liquid phases of PCM. The governing equations were solved using the commercial software ANSYS Fluent 2021, and the pressure and velocity equations were coupled using the SIMPLE algorithm. Significant findings: The best model among the 13 tested was Model 5, which featured 6 fins and a consistent angle of 60 degrees. For Model 5, the melting time was 1818.3 s. Due to sensible heating, the fin's temperature (Temp) rose gradually from 300 K to 318 K. Temp then gradually increased as the PCM melted in the phase transition zone between 316.5 K and 321.2 K. Once the phase transition was complete, the PCM's Temp steadily rose from 324 K to 340 K. In Model 5, the inner wall Temp and the maximum Temp of the PCM were closest, at 327.34 K and 333.55 K, respectively. The thermal shock between the PCM and the ambient Temp caused a peak heat flux at the beginning of the PCM loading process.
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Neurohormonal Activation Pattern in Patients With Atrial Septal Defect
(Nature Portfolio, 2024) Guvenc, Rengin Cetin; Koc Ada, Saniye; Guvenc, Tolga Sinan; Celik, Fatma Betul; Ocakli, Ezgi Polat; Al Arfaj, Abdullah Ayar; Caliskan, Mustafa
Atrial septal defects (ASD) divert flow from systemic to pulmonary circulation, and some degree of plasma volume expansion and neurohormonal activation are necessary to maintain the effective circulatory volume. The aim of the present study was to understand the patterns of neurohormonal activation in ASD patients. 16 ASD patients and 10 controls were enrolled. Fasting blood samples were collected prior to procedure and 48 h after defect closure. At baseline, renin (185.0(79.0-437.0 vs. 79.4(60.8-110.0), p = 0.04), aldosterone (20.2 +/- 7.6 vs. 11.7 +/- 2.8, p < 0.001), copeptin (43.6 +/- 27.5 vs. 16.4 +/- 8.7, p = 0.002) and both natriuretic peptides were higher in ASD patients, while noradrenaline (113.0 +/- 61.3 vs. 178.0 +/- 49.4, p = 0.009) and endothelin-1 (2.93 +/- 2.00 vs. 5.06 +/- 1.25, p = 0.006) were higher in controls. After ASD closure, only NT-proBNP reduced significantly (p = 0.02). There were negative correlations between defect area with noradrenaline (r=-0.73, p = 0.002) and with endothelin-1 (r=-0.59, p = 0.02). Present findings suggest that in patients with an ASD, there is an increase in neurohormones that are related to regulation of plasma volume (aldosterone and arginine vasopressin) with simultaneous reductions in neurohormones related to vasoconstriction in systemic and pulmonary beds (noradrenaline and endothelin-1).
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Hawking radiation at the zero temperature limit
(Springer, 2024) Düztaş, Koray
We show that the thermal radiation derived by Hawking can be smoothly extended to the T=0 limit for Kerr black holes. The emission of the modes with omega>m Omega comes to a halt as the surface gravity vanishes. However, Kerr black holes smoothly continue to radiate both in bosonic and fermionic modes with omega 0, which strictly differentiates it from the non-thermal radiation of soft particles by extremal Kerr black holes. We also note that the thermal radiation at the zero limit, drives the black hole away from extremality in accord with the third law and the cosmic censorship conjecture.
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Light-responsive liposome as a smart vehicle for the delivery of anticancer herbal medicine to skin
(Springernature, 2024) Khosravı, Arezoo; Ulker, Zeynep; Khosravi, Arezoo; Coskun, Abdurrahman; Ertas, Yavuz Nuri; Yildiz, Mehmet; Zarrabi, Ali; Genetik ve Biyomühendislik / Genetic and Bio-Engineering
Sunlight is composed of various wavelengths, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV) rays, and infrared radiation that serves as a double-edged sword for humans via providing the energy for sustaining life on Earth and also acting as a source of hazardous UV radiation. The skin, as the largest protective part of the body, is exposed to sunlight daily, making it critical to protect this organ from its harmful effects. Accordingly, this research aims to fabricate a new type of light-responsive liposome to deliver herbal medicine as protective compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties. The light-responsive part of this liposome has the capability of cleavage after exposure to UV-A light (the main UV-parts of sunlight) and improves drug release pattern. In detail, a light-responsive compound was fabricated at first and then was used along with phospholipids and curcumin (a type of herbal drug)-loaded cyclodextrin for the fabrication of liposomes using the thin-film hydration method. The physicochemical analysis confirmed the fabrication of spherical liposomes approximately 145 nm in size, which released around 62% of the therapeutic cargo over 120 h when exposed to UV irradiation. Besides, it showed anticancer ability (against melanoma cancer cells) while having a protecting effect for the normal cell line. Therefore, it could be a candidate for further application in skin-protecting products like wound healing compounds or anticancer usage.
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Efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation in drug resistance epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Springer, 2024) Sheıkhvatan, Mehrdad; Javadnia, Parisa; Davari, Afshan; Sheikhvatan, Mehrdad; Ranji, Sara; Shafiee, Sajad; Tafakhori, Abbas; Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı / Department of Medical Biology
In the context of drug-resistant epilepsy, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has received FDA approval. However, there have been reports of potential adverse effects, such as depression and memory impairment associated with DBS.This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of DBS on the quality of life (QoL), and seizure frequency of patients who had DRE, and assess its potential adverse events. The study followed PRISMA guidelines and thoroughly assessed databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, up to 31 July. Statistical analysis, fixed effect model analysis, performed by the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software (CMA) version 3.0. Additionally, Cochran's Q test was conducted to determine the statistical heterogeneity. The systematic review encompassed 54 studies, with 38 studies included in the subsequent meta-analysis. The total number of patients included in the studies was 999. The findings indicated a significant decrease in the mean seizure frequency of subjects following DBS (SMD: 0.609, 95% CI: 0.519 to 0.700, p-value < 0.001). Moreover, patients' QoL significantly improved after DBS (SMD: -0.442, 95% CI: -0.576 to -0.308, p-value < 0.001). The hippocampus displayed the most notable effect size among the different DBS targets. Subgroup analysis based on follow-up duration revealed increased DBS efficacy after two years. There are few reports of adverse events, such as insertional-related complications, infection, and neuropsychiatric complications, but the majority of these were temporary and non-fatal. DBS emerged as an effective and safe procedure for reducing seizure frequency and enhancing the quality of life in DRE patients, with minimal adverse events. Furthermore, the efficacy of DBS was observed to improve over time.

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