The Proliferative Effect of PLA Scaffold Coated With Gelatin Nanofibers/Shilajit Extract on Osteoblast-Like MG63 Cells

Abstract

The study investigates the potential of a novel scaffold composed of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) coated with gelatin nanofibers containing Shilajit extract (ShE) to enhance bone regeneration. Traditional bone grafting techniques often face limitations such as donor site morbidity and immunological rejection, prompting the exploration of biomaterials for bone repair. The distinctive characteristics of PLA, such as decomposing naturally and its compatibility with biological systems, position it as a highly appealing option for applications in tissue engineering. By incorporating gelatin nanofibers infused with ShE, known for its bioactive compounds that promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, the research aims to make a scaffold that mimics the bone tissue extracellular matrix. The methodology includes the fabrication of PLA films and gelatin/ShE nanofibers, followed by a series of in vitro tests to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, and migration using the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line. The scaffolds were characterized by their mechanical properties and degradation rates, demonstrating favorable conditions for bone cell growth and sustained release of bioactive molecules. Results indicate that the PLA/Gelatin/ShE composite significantly stimulates osteogenic activity and enhances the healing potential of bone defects. This study introduces a promising scaffold design that could improve outcomes in bone repair applications, potentially addressing challenges associated with current grafting techniques.